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Iraqi cuisine or Mesopotamian cuisine has a long history going back some 10,000 years – to the Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, and Ancient Persians.〔http://www.thingsasian.com/stories-photos/3592 Foods of Iraq: Enshrined With A Long History. Habeeb Salloum.〕 Tablets found in ancient ruins in Iraq show recipes prepared in the temples during religious festivals – the first cookbooks in the world.〔 Ancient Iraq, or ''Mesopotamia'', was home to a sophisticated and highly advanced civilization, in all fields of knowledge, including the culinary arts.〔 However, it was in the Islamic Golden Age when Baghdad was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258) that the Iraqi kitchen reached its zenith.〔 Today, the cuisine of Iraq reflects this rich inheritance as well as strong influences from the culinary traditions of neighbouring Persia, Turkey and the Syria region area.〔 Meals begin with appetizers and salads – known as ''Mezza''. Some dishes include ''Kebab'' (often marinated with garlic, lemon and spices, then grilled), ''Gauss'' (grilled meat sandwich wrap, similar to ''Döner kebab''), ''Bamieh'' (lamb, okra and tomato stew), ''Quzi'' (lamb with rice, almonds, raisins and spices), ''Falafel'' (fried chickpea patties served with ''amba'' and salad in ''pita''), ''Kubbah'' (minced meat ground with bulghur wheat or rice and spices), ''Masgûf'' (grilled fish with pepper and tamarind), and ''Maqluba'' (a rice, lamb, tomato and aubergine dish). Stuffed vegetable dishes such as ''Dolma'' and ''Mahshi'' are also popular. Contemporary Iraq reflects the same natural division as ancient Mesopotamia, which consisted of Assyria in the arid northern uplands and Babylonia in the southern alluvial plain.〔 ''Al-Jazira'' (the ancient Assyria) grows wheat and crops requiring winter chill such as apples and stone fruits.〔 ''Al-Irāq'' (Iraq proper, the ancient Babylonia) grows rice and barley, citrus fruits, and is responsible for Iraq's position as the world's largest producer of dates.〔 ==History== Archaeologists have found evidence from excavations at Jarmo in northeastern Iraq,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ireco.lu/UK/pistachionut.html )〕 that pistachio nuts were a common food as early as 6750 BC.〔 Among the ancient texts discovered in Iraq is a Sumerian-Akkadian bilingual dictionary, recorded in cuneiform script on 24 stone tablets about 1900 BC.〔 It lists terms in the two ancient Iraqi languages for over 800 different items of food and drink.〔 Included are 20 different kinds of cheese, over 100 varieties of soup and 300 types of bread – each with different ingredients, filling, shape or size.〔 One of three excavated cuneiform clay tablets written in 1700 BC in Babylon,〔 50 miles south of present-day Baghdad, deals with 24 recipes for stew cooked with meat and vegetables,〔 enhanced and seasoned with leeks, onion, garlic, and spices and herbs like cassia, cumin, coriander, mint, and dill.〔 Stew has remained a mainstay in the cuisine.〔 Extant medieval Iraqi recipes and modern Iraqi cuisine attest to this.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Iraqi cuisine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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